Gambling involves placing something of value, usually money, on an event with an uncertain outcome, in hopes of winning a larger prize. Some of the most popular types of gambling are lottery tickets, card games, slot machines and instant scratch cards, but there are also horse races, dog and animal tracks, sports events, and even online casino games! While most people do not develop a problem with gambling, for a small number of individuals it can become an overwhelming and dangerous behavior.
When we think of gambling, we typically imagine a twinkly casino with noisy crowds and the excitement of trying to win a big jackpot. However, many people gamble for other reasons than the hope of becoming rich. For example, some people gamble to alleviate stress or socialize with friends. Some people also use gambling to change their mood, and the euphoria that results from gambling can be addictive.
Some of the most common signs and symptoms of gambling addiction include a lack of control over spending, an inability to stop playing, lying about spending, and financial problems. Those with an addiction to gambling may also experience anxiety, depression and suicidal ideation. There are a variety of treatments available for those with a gambling disorder, including psychotherapy and family therapy.
The most common causes of gambling disorders are a combination of biological, environmental and psychological factors. These factors can influence how vulnerable people are to gambling addiction and the degree of severity of their addiction. In addition, some people have genetic predispositions to developing a gambling disorder and can become triggered by certain events or situations.
There is a growing recognition that there is an important role for the evaluation of patients’ gambling behaviors in primary care settings.1 While the importance of this role depends on the specific risks and benefits associated with the gambler’s health, it is essential that healthcare providers recognize that gambling can be a serious, potentially life-threatening problem.
The best way to approach screening for a gambling disorder is to frame the question as a health issue rather than an inquiry into lifestyle. This will reduce resistance, and it will allow healthcare professionals to focus on the impact of gambling on a patient’s life (as opposed to labeling them as compulsive or pathological gamblers). This can prevent the stigma that may otherwise discourage people from seeking help. Furthermore, it can assist a gambler in understanding that their problems are real and can be treated effectively.